(Q) Agricultural
Productivity in India remains low. Explain the reason for this situation.
Ans.
- India's agriculture mainly depends on monsoon.
- Only 400% area is irrigated.
- It is true that the country has registered significant growth after independence in agriculture but it is not enough to meet our requirement.
- There is a scarcity of high-yielding variety of seeds; good quality fertilisers and application of modem technologies.
- Dropping agriculture is rarely seen in India.
- Land holding system is also responsible for low productivity. In India 32% land holding is about 1 hectare.
- Land holding is decreasing consistently due 10 fractions in joint family system.
- Alluvial soil is the most productive soil of India, which is found in Gangetic belt.
- Other soils except black are not so fertile.
- The pressure on soil is increasing due to requirement of two crops together or two or three Crops in a year.
- Soil is losing its fertility due to this process.
- Our soils lack nitrogen and phosphoIUS elements.
- So we use nitrogenous and phosphorus fertilisers.
- Lack of availability of these fertilisers is also responsible for low production.
- State has not given proper emphasis to provide loans to farmers.
- It is true that the UPA Government has given some relief to indebted farmers but it is not a variable solution to their requirements.
- Commercialisation of crops is also responsible for low productivity in agriculture.
- Now farmers are taking keen interest in sowing cash crops.
- So the production of cereals is not increasing upto expectations.
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