These highlights are based on the eighth quinquennial survey on
employment and unemployment conducted in the 66th round of NSS during
July 2009 to June 2010. The survey was spread over 7,402 villages and
5,252 urban blocks covering 1, 00,957 households (59,129 in rural areas
and 41,828 in urban areas) and enumerating 4, 59,784 persons (2, 81,327
in rural areas and 1, 78,457 in urban areas). Employment and
unemployment were measured with three different approaches, viz. usual
status with a reference period of one year, current weekly status with
one week reference period and current daily status based on the daily
activity pursued during each day of the reference week. Unless otherwise
stated, usual status workers will mean all workers taking into
consideration the usual principal and subsidiary status together. In
this report, estimates of the employment and unemployment indicators are
presented for each of the class 1 cities in India. The corresponding
estimates are also presented for each State/UT for three size classes of
towns, as per Population Census 2001, viz. class 1 cities (with
population one million and above), class 2 towns (with population 50,000
to one million) and class 3 towns (with population less than 50,000).
Some of the key findings of the 66th round of NSS survey on employment and unemployment conducted during July 2009 to June 2010 are stated below:
· The proportion of usually employed males of age 15 years and above was 73 per cent for class 1 cities and 74 per cent for size class 2 towns and about 76 per cent for size class 3 towns. For females of the same age group the corresponding proportions were - 17 per cent for class 1 cities, 18 per cent for size class 2 towns and nearly 21 per cent for size class 3 towns.
· Between 2004-05 and 2009-10 the proportion of usually employed males of age 15 years and above decreased by 3 percentage points for class 1 cities, 2 percentage points for size class 2 and 3 towns each. During this period, corresponding decrease for females was 3 percentage points in class 1 cities, 4 percentage points for size class 2 towns and 7 percentage points for size class 3 towns.
· Among the class 1 cities, the worker population ratio (WPR) for males of age 15 years and above in the usual status (ps+ss), was the highest in Surat (87 per cent) and the lowest in Meerut (49 per cent), while for females, WPR was the highest in Varanasi (35 per cent) and the lowest in Agra (2 per cent).
· During the period 2009-10, the proportion of regular wage/salaried employees, in the usual status (ps+ss), both among males and among females was higher than that of self-employed persons or casual labourers in class 1 cities and size class 2 towns. For size class 3 towns, proportion of self-employed was higher than regular wage/salaried employees and casual labourers for both males and females.
· Among male workers of age 15 years and above in the usual status (ps+ss), about 52 per cent in class 1 cities, about 43 per cent in size class 2 towns and about 31 per cent in size class 3towns were regular wage/salaried employees. Corresponding proportions for females were 58 per cent, 42 per cent and 23 per cent for class 1 cities, size class 2 towns and size class 3towns, respectively.
· Among male workers of age 15 years and above in the usual status (ps+ss), about 39 per cent in class 1 cities, about 40 per cent in size class 2 towns and about 45 per cent in size class 3towns were self-employed. Corresponding proportions for females were 33 per cent, 41 per cent and 47 per cent for class 1 cities, size class 2 towns and size class 3 towns, respectively.
· For males of age 15 years and above, the unemployment rate in the usual status (ps+ss) remained at the same level between 2004-05 and 2009-10 in class 1 cities and it decreased by 1 percentage point for size class 2 towns and by 2 percentage points for size class 3 towns. For females, between 2004-05 and 2009-10, the unemployment rate in the usual status increased by 1 percentage point in class 1 cities and decreased for both size class 2 and size class 3 towns by nearly 2 percentage points each.
· Among the workers in the usual status (ps+ss), the tertiary sector had the highest share of workers in 2009-10 compared to other two sectors in all size class of towns. Among male workers of age 15 years and above in urban India, about 59 per cent were engaged in tertiary sector, about 35 per cent in secondary sector and about 6 per cent in primary sector. Corresponding proportions for females were about 53 per cent, 33 per cent and 14 per cent, respectively.
· Among male workers of age 15 years and above according to the usual status (ps+ss) in all class I cities, about 64 per cent were engaged in tertiary sector, about 35 per cent in secondary sector and about 1 per cent in primary sector. Corresponding proportions for females were about 67 per cent, 31 per cent and 2 per cent, respectively.
· Among male workers of age 15 years and above according to the usual status (ps+ss) in size class 2 towns, about 60 per cent were engaged in tertiary sector, about 36 per cent in secondary sector and about 4 per cent in primary sector. Corresponding proportions for females were about 57 per cent, 34 per cent and 9 per cent, respectively.
· Among male workers of age 15 years and above according to the usual status (ps+ss) in size class 3 towns, about 54 per cent were engaged in tertiary sector, about 33 per cent in secondary sector and about 13 per cent in primary sector. Corresponding proportions for females were about 36 per cent, 34 per cent and 30 per cent, respectively.
· Among male workers of age 15 years and above, according to usual status (ps+ss), the secondary sector registered nearly 3 percentage points decrease in the share of total workers during 2009-10 compared to 2004-05 for class 1 cities but increased for size class 2, size class 3 towns by 2 and 1 percentage points respectively.
Some of the key findings of the 66th round of NSS survey on employment and unemployment conducted during July 2009 to June 2010 are stated below:
· The proportion of usually employed males of age 15 years and above was 73 per cent for class 1 cities and 74 per cent for size class 2 towns and about 76 per cent for size class 3 towns. For females of the same age group the corresponding proportions were - 17 per cent for class 1 cities, 18 per cent for size class 2 towns and nearly 21 per cent for size class 3 towns.
· Between 2004-05 and 2009-10 the proportion of usually employed males of age 15 years and above decreased by 3 percentage points for class 1 cities, 2 percentage points for size class 2 and 3 towns each. During this period, corresponding decrease for females was 3 percentage points in class 1 cities, 4 percentage points for size class 2 towns and 7 percentage points for size class 3 towns.
· Among the class 1 cities, the worker population ratio (WPR) for males of age 15 years and above in the usual status (ps+ss), was the highest in Surat (87 per cent) and the lowest in Meerut (49 per cent), while for females, WPR was the highest in Varanasi (35 per cent) and the lowest in Agra (2 per cent).
· During the period 2009-10, the proportion of regular wage/salaried employees, in the usual status (ps+ss), both among males and among females was higher than that of self-employed persons or casual labourers in class 1 cities and size class 2 towns. For size class 3 towns, proportion of self-employed was higher than regular wage/salaried employees and casual labourers for both males and females.
· Among male workers of age 15 years and above in the usual status (ps+ss), about 52 per cent in class 1 cities, about 43 per cent in size class 2 towns and about 31 per cent in size class 3towns were regular wage/salaried employees. Corresponding proportions for females were 58 per cent, 42 per cent and 23 per cent for class 1 cities, size class 2 towns and size class 3towns, respectively.
· Among male workers of age 15 years and above in the usual status (ps+ss), about 39 per cent in class 1 cities, about 40 per cent in size class 2 towns and about 45 per cent in size class 3towns were self-employed. Corresponding proportions for females were 33 per cent, 41 per cent and 47 per cent for class 1 cities, size class 2 towns and size class 3 towns, respectively.
· For males of age 15 years and above, the unemployment rate in the usual status (ps+ss) remained at the same level between 2004-05 and 2009-10 in class 1 cities and it decreased by 1 percentage point for size class 2 towns and by 2 percentage points for size class 3 towns. For females, between 2004-05 and 2009-10, the unemployment rate in the usual status increased by 1 percentage point in class 1 cities and decreased for both size class 2 and size class 3 towns by nearly 2 percentage points each.
· Among the workers in the usual status (ps+ss), the tertiary sector had the highest share of workers in 2009-10 compared to other two sectors in all size class of towns. Among male workers of age 15 years and above in urban India, about 59 per cent were engaged in tertiary sector, about 35 per cent in secondary sector and about 6 per cent in primary sector. Corresponding proportions for females were about 53 per cent, 33 per cent and 14 per cent, respectively.
· Among male workers of age 15 years and above according to the usual status (ps+ss) in all class I cities, about 64 per cent were engaged in tertiary sector, about 35 per cent in secondary sector and about 1 per cent in primary sector. Corresponding proportions for females were about 67 per cent, 31 per cent and 2 per cent, respectively.
· Among male workers of age 15 years and above according to the usual status (ps+ss) in size class 2 towns, about 60 per cent were engaged in tertiary sector, about 36 per cent in secondary sector and about 4 per cent in primary sector. Corresponding proportions for females were about 57 per cent, 34 per cent and 9 per cent, respectively.
· Among male workers of age 15 years and above according to the usual status (ps+ss) in size class 3 towns, about 54 per cent were engaged in tertiary sector, about 33 per cent in secondary sector and about 13 per cent in primary sector. Corresponding proportions for females were about 36 per cent, 34 per cent and 30 per cent, respectively.
· Among male workers of age 15 years and above, according to usual status (ps+ss), the secondary sector registered nearly 3 percentage points decrease in the share of total workers during 2009-10 compared to 2004-05 for class 1 cities but increased for size class 2, size class 3 towns by 2 and 1 percentage points respectively.
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