Tuesday, October 1, 2013

UPSC Mains Question & Answer GS1



(Q) Agricultural Productivity in India remains low. Explain the reason for this situation.
Ans.
  • India's agriculture mainly depends on monsoon.
  • Only 400% area is irrigated.
  • It is true that the country has registered significant growth after independence in agriculture but it is not enough to meet our requirement.
  • There is a scarcity of high-yielding variety of seeds; good quality fertilisers and application of modem technologies.
  •  Dropping agriculture is rarely seen in India.
  •  Land holding system is also responsible for low productivity. In India 32% land holding is about 1 hectare.
  •  Land holding is decreasing consistently due 10 fractions in joint family system.
  • Alluvial soil is the most productive soil of India, which is found in Gangetic belt.
  • Other soils except black are not so fertile.
  • The pressure on soil is increasing due to requirement of two crops together or two or three Crops in a year.
  •  Soil is losing its fertility due to this process.
  •  Our soils lack nitrogen and phosphoIUS elements.
  •  So we use nitrogenous and phosphorus fertilisers.
  •  Lack of availability of these fertilisers is also responsible for low production.
  •  State has not given proper emphasis to provide loans to farmers.
  • It is true that the UPA Government has given some relief to indebted farmers but it is not a variable solution to their requirements.
  • Commercialisation of crops is also responsible for low productivity in agriculture.
  • Now farmers are taking keen interest in sowing cash crops.
  • So the production of cereals is not increasing upto expectations.

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